Implementing Green Technology In Malaysian Construction Industry Environmental Sciences Essay

Executing Green Technology In Malaysian Construction Industry Environmental Sciences Essay This examination covers the exploration on difficulties of executing green innovation in Malaysian development industry. This section contains foundation of the investigation, issue proclamation, goals of study, noteworthiness of study, research technique, and impediments of study, association of part and synopsis. 1.2 Background of the Study Green is a term that alludes to something that natural amicable in which assists with handling a dangerous atmospheric devation and environmental change. Innovation uses these green highlights are known as green innovation. As per Kutting (2000), green innovation is utilized interchangeably with terms natural innovation or clean innovation and can be said to allude to advances that mean to have little effect on the earth. This innovation is a thought and understanding saw as extraordinarily helpful to nature as it can diminish nurseries gases discharge to the climate which thusly causes warming of the earth definitely. People nowadays have as of now gain mindfulness and profound understanding that these cataclysmic calamities are presently influencing their life that they endure in relentless innovation of numerous natural agreeable advances and retail them in the market. They grasp this innovation can diminish effect of exercises that causes an unnatural weather change and environmental change. As indicated by Rogier (2012), naturally well disposed innovation uses numerous techniques for diminishing the effect that different exercises have upon the earth. There are numerous sorts of green innovation items accessible in the market that create low degree of waste and contamination, for example, sun based photovoltaic board, wind turbine and downpour collecting as expressed by Rogier (2012), to be viewed as ecologically well disposed, an item or activity ought to be reasonable, produce as meager waste and contamination as could be expected under the circumstances, and use the reusing and reuse of materials at whatever point conceivable. These days, green innovation assumes significant jobs in the development business become some portion of the development business. Green innovation, for example, sun powered boards and vitality effective apparatuses become fundamental highlights in the structure. Also, inexhaustible and maintainable materials are coordinated with these components to make the structure green or supposed green structure. 1.3 Problem Statement The universes atmosphere has changed significantly and stood up to with numerous climatic issues since the introduction of the Earth. This has demonstrated when Bernstein (2007) states that warming of the atmosphere framework is unequivocal, as is presently apparent from perceptions of increments in worldwide normal air and sea temperatures, broad softening of day off ice and rising worldwide normal ocean level. Human these days are endeavoring to reveal answers to block the huge scope catastrophe. One measure find out to humanity is innovation of additional towards ecological agreeable methodology or known as green innovation. In the start of 21st century, various propelled countries received the far reaching usage of green innovation as they consider its ability in ending the worldwide disastrous calamity. The executions to the structure, vehicles and gadgets have been created among them. The consolation and attention to their people empower the green innovation industry to help up the creation. It varies to bring down conservative created nations, for example, Malaysia; the difficulties are brilliant when executing green innovation essentially development industry. Green innovation is the good creation to diminish level of carbon discharge from structures in Malaysia yet at the same time control the engineers and contractual workers to apply it in Malaysian development industry. The reasons are the significant expense and negligible accessibility in the market. Notwithstanding, it isn't really that green innovation includes with high costs. Green innovation need not be cutting edge. It tends to be basic innovation yet at the same time spares vitality or makes next to no ecological effect and can be effortlessly utilized (Singh, 2010). Not just that the expense is the issue, likewise the neighborhood banks in Malaysia additionally are reluctant to hazard in giving advance towards green motivating forces. Business banks were hesitant to dispense credits for green innovation related activities in Malaysia because of the conceivable absence of trust in such endeavors (Najib, 2010). 1.4 Objectives of the Study The point of this thesis is to investigate about the difficulties of executing green innovation in Malaysia development industry. So as to accomplish this point the accompanying goals are perceived: To understand the low degree of green innovation assets. To see scant of money related activities in supporting green innovation. To inspect low degree of information among development players and other related gatherings on green innovation. 1.5 Significance of Study This examination is relied upon to recognize the difficulties of actualizing green innovation in Malaysian development industry. This finding in the long run attempts the issues experienced to actualize green innovation in Malaysian development industry. It likewise helps perspective change to relocate from conventional development to cleaner and greener development. The result of this investigation will surely profit to one of the goal of the Construction Industry Master Plan (CIMP) which is to advance progressively creative green development. 1.6 Research Methodology The investigation on the issues to the grasping of green innovation in Malaysia development industry is a generally new examination region and there are inadequate of important exploration in Malaysia require to be alluded. In this manner, it must be led with the constrained measure of assets yet the examination can be perused just the Klang Valley territory. Two kinds of information, that is essential information and optional information. For the essential information, talk with area and contextual investigation will be directed. For the optional information, writing audits are composed from references of books, articles and from the web that are identified with the exploration. The strategies have been recognized to encourage the important information are as per the following: Meetings (essential information) Contextual analyses (essential information) Writing Reviews (auxiliary information) an) Interviews Quantitative techniques, for example, survey won't be exceptionally exact and proper in acquiring the information for the examination. This is because of the investigation requires singular suppositions and appraisals. Thus, subjective strategies for instance meet is the best strategy so as to get significant information. This kind of philosophy was done to demand feelings and criticisms from designers, modelers, specialist and contractual workers about the expense of green innovation to be utilized in building site, the activities of nearby bank towards green innovation speculation and level of information and experience on green innovation among the players in Malaysian development industry. b) Case contemplates This technique is led in accordance with the meetings and supports this essential system. The contextual investigations associated with past and late undertakings in which the structures are worked with green innovation. In this manner, it was done in the region of Klang Valley where many green structures are built. The instances of green structures here are G-Tower in Kuala Lumpur, precious stone structures and LEO working in Putrajaya. These investigations are to accomplish the goal; to investigate the absence of use of green innovation in Malaysian development industry. c) Literature Reviews Writing survey are utilized to get the past exploration dominatingly on the difficulties of executing green innovation in building site which incorporates the expense and nearby bank activities and information and experience among development partners 1.7 Limitation of Study For the extent of the examination, the impediment is directed so as to center and tight down the subject of explicit territories in the exploration. The examination will be fixated on difficulties to actualize green innovation in Malaysian development industry: I. Respondents from temporary workers, designers, planners and architects in development industry. ii. G-Tower in Kuala Lumpur, precious stone structures and LEO working in Putrajaya. iii. Urban regions in Klang Valley. 1.8 Organization of Chapter Figure 1.1: Chapter 1 Organization 1.9 Summary This section contains foundation of the examination, issue proclamation, destinations of study, centrality of study, research strategy, and confinements of study, association of part and outline that spread the provokes confronting development innovation to be executed in Malaysian development industry. Study foundation grasps the term green innovation, different kinds of green innovation existed available to be purchased and utilization of green innovation in the development business. Issue explanation contains the difficulties, for example, absence of use, absence of activities from neighborhood bank and absence of information and experience among development partners about execution of green innovation in building site. This make out the destinations of study. The essentialness of the investigation can be summed up which it can attempts the difficulties by distinguishing the fundamental variables of difficulty in actualizing green innovation. There are three sorts of examination system helping the achievement of the investigation which are interviews, contextual analyses and writing audits. Constraints of study length inside region of Klang Valley. Association of part diagrams the general image of the entire Chapter 1.

Racism in the Adventure of Huckleberry Finn Free Essays

Huckleberry Finn is a magnificent book that catches the core of the peruser in its splendor and blamelessness. In spite of numerous pundits have assaulted its bigot perspective;the piece only speaks to a reality that happened during prior to the war America,the setting of the novel. Twain’s artistic gadgets in catching the central of excitement,adventure,and human compassion is a magnificent novel that ought to be recognized,not for dogmatism, however that it is the sincere perspective of a kid that experienced childhood in that time. We will compose a custom article test on Bigotry in the Adventure of Huckleberry Finn or on the other hand any comparable subject just for you Request Now What's more, even then,the hero overcomes some social biases of subjection since he is worried about the prosperity of his runaway slave companion Jim. That the joke of the slave race at long last permitted by Huck is progressively about satisfying the wonderments of Huck towards Tom. The tale is a triumph since it doesn't neglect to catch the one solitary purpose of growing up for Huck:boyhood. Imprint Twain certainly describes the protagonist,the insightful and thoughtful Huckleberry Finn,by the direct real to life way of composing just as through the genuine voice of Huck. Each word,thought, and discourse by Huck is so exact it reflects even the prejudice and dark generalizations regular of the time. What's more, this has lead to many clashing fights by different perusers since the principal print of the novel,though rousing a few. Says John H. Wallace,outraged by Twain’s consistent utilization of the corrupting and racial oppressor word‘nigger’,†[The Adventures of Huckleberry Finn is]the most bizarre case of bigot refuse ever written†(Mark Twain Journal by Thadious Davis,Fall 1984 and Spring 1985). Yet,again to counter that is a statement by the incomparable American essayist Ernest Hemingway,†All current American writing originates from one book by Mark Twain called Huckleberry Finn†¦it’s the best book we’ve had†¦There has been nothing as acceptable since†(The Green Hills of Africa [Scribner’s. 1953]22). The debate behind the novel has been and will consistently remain the essence of any perusers is still really bigotry. Twain definitely uses the word‘nigger’often,both as a referral to the slave Jim and any African-American that Huck goes over and as the exemplification of affront and inadequacy. However,the peruser should likewise not neglect to perceive that this style of racism,this malignant treatment of African-Americans,this corrupting demeanor towards them is totally adapted of the pre-Civil War convention. Bigotry is just referenced in the novel as an object of common course and an accuracy to the real perspectives on the setting at that point. Huckleberry Finn despite everything remains as an amazing depiction of experience through the newly discovered eyes of a blameless kid. Huck just says and treats the African-American culture as needs be with the general public that he was brought up in. To state anything distinctive would genuinely be strange and setting of the era.Twain’s abstract style in catching the novel,Huck’s easygoing mentality and sincere position,and Jim’s undoubted acknowledgment of the mistreatment by the names all implies this. The proposition has three parts. Section one is presentation of the entire work. Section two give some data about the analysis writing. Part three give a profound gander at the examination about the racial issues in the book Huck Finn. Section four is the end part. 1 Literature Review Literary analysis is an endeavor to assess and comprehend the imaginative writing,the writing of an author.Literature incorporates plays, essays,novels,poetry,and short stories. Scholarly analysis is a description,analysis,evaluation,or understanding of a specific artistic work or an author’s compositions all in all. Abstract analysis is generally communicated as a basic paper. Inside and out book audits are likewise once in a while seen as artistic analysis. Questionable in death as he was in life,Mark Twain has been genuinely blamed by some for being a†racist writer,†whose composing is hostile to dark readers,perpetuates modest slave-time stereotypes,and merits no spot on today’s bookshelves.To those of us who have tanked thankfully of Twain’s knowledge and humanity,such allegations are outrageous. However, for certain individuals they unmistakably contact a crude nerve,and hence they merit a genuine answer. Let’s take a gander at the book that is most usually singled out for this criticism,the novel that Ernest Hemingway distinguished as the wellspring of all American literature:The Adventures of Huckleberry Finn. For Twain’s critics,the novel is supremacist on the essence of it,and for the most clear reason:many characters utilize the word†nigger†throughout.But since the move of the book makes place in the south twenty years before the Civil War,it would be stunning on the off chance that they didn’t utilize that word. A closer perusing additionally uncovers Twain’s genuine satiric goal. In one scene,for instance,Aunt Sally knows about a steamer blast. â€Å"Good benevolent! anyone hurt? â€Å"she inquires. â€Å"No’m,†comes the appropriate response. â€Å"Killed a nigger. † But any individual who envisions that Mark Twain implied this actually is 580 SCIENCE;TECHNOLOGY INFORMATION2010 5? missing the point.Rather,Twain is utilizing this easygoing exchange incidentally, as an approach to underscore the chilling truth about the old south,that it was a general public where perfectly†nice†people didn’t consider the passing of a dark individual worth their notification. To drive the point home,Twain has the woman proceed: â€Å"Well,it’s lucky,because some of the time individuals do get injured. † That’s a little a valid example. In any case, what is the book extremely about? It’s about nothing not as much as opportunity and the journey for opportunity. It’s about a slave who oversteps the law and dangers his life to win his opportunity and be brought together with his family,and a white kid who turns into his companion and causes him escape.Because of his upbringing,the kid begins accepting that bondage is a piece of the normal order;but as the story unfurls he grapples with his conscience,and when the pivotal second comes he concludes he will be doomed to the blazes of damnation instead of deceive his dark companion. Also, Jim,as Twain presents him,is scarcely a personification. Rather,he is the ethical focal point of the book,a man of mental fortitude and nobility,who dangers his freedomâ€risks his lifeâ€for the purpose of his companion Huck. Note,too,that it isn't simply white pundits who come to this meaningful conclusion. Booker T. Washington noticed how Twain†succeeded in causing his eaders to feel a certified regard for’Jim,'†and brought up that Twain,in making Jim’s character,had†exhibited his compassion and enthusiasm for the majority of the negro individuals. † The extraordinary dark writer Ralph Ellison,too,noted how Twain permits Jim’s†dignity and human capacity†to rise in the novel. â€Å"Huckleberry Finn knew,as marked Twain[Ellison wrote],that Jim was a slave as well as a human being[and]a image of humanity†¦ and in liberating Jim,Huck makes an offer to free himself of the conventionalized wickedness taken for development by the town†Ã¢â‚¬in other words,of the cursed thing of servitude itself. In fact,you can look through all of Twain’s writings,not simply the thirty or more volumes of novels,stories,essays,and letters,but additionally his private correspondence,his after death life account and his cozy journals,and you’ll be hard put to locate a slanderous comment about the dark raceâ€and this when rough racial generalizations were the essential coin of well known fiction,stage comedy,and mainstream melodies. What you find in Twain is the opposite:a energetic warmth and esteem for dark Americans that started when he was as yet a kid and became consistently through the years.In a generally applauded post-Civil War sketch titled†A True Story,†for example,he wrenchingly evoked the torment of an ex-slave as she was isolated from her young child on the closeout square, and her satisfaction at finding him in a dark regiment at war’s end. Also, on those events when Twain ventures to think about blacks and whites,the correlation isn't obviously complimenting to the whites. Things like: ?†One of my speculations is that the hearts of men are about alike,all over the world,whatever their skin-compositions might be. † ?†Nearly all dark and earthy colored skins are beautiful,but a delightful white skin is uncommon. ?†There are numerous silly things in the world;among them is the white man’s thought that he is less savage than the various savages. † 2 Methods/Research Design The invalid speculation for this exploration is that half of the college understudies study writing will feel that there are racial separation in the book Huck Finn and others won’t. 1000 understudies in their third and forward long periods of college will be the subject. They should never observe the book or the film of Huck Finn. They originate from both large urban communities and rustic zone. They are isolated into four groups.The initial two groups(each has 250 students)include the understudies from huge cities,part of them understudies from country territories. First,all of them will hear the tale of Huck Finn. At that point they wi answer pertinent inquiries regarding the pictures of Huck Finn in th polls and during the meetings. The inquiries are about th utilizing technique for language,the plot plan and the considering Huck,et Finally,the film of Huck Finn will be appeared. Understudies will depict th picture of Huck and their perspectives about racial issues in this book According to their answers,different answers will be isolated into differen groups.After these works,comes the investigations of the measurements and dat After looking at the appropriate responses of the four groups,gives the conclusio whether artistic understudies from enormous urban areas and from country regions have th sa

The Trick to Nailing Your Supplemental Why Essays - College Essay Advisors Admissions Essay Experts

The Trick to Nailing Your Supplemental Why Essays - College Essay Advisors Admissions Essay Experts The Trick to Nailing Your Supplemental Why Essays The Trick to Nailing Your Supplemental Why Essays WHY?! The word is echoing in your head. Its the first thing you think when you wake up and the last thing you think as you lay down at night. It dances in your dreams, Dumbo-nighmare-sequence-style. When Chipotle asks if you want  to add guac, its the only word you can think to say. If you have started working on your supplemental essays, the onset of your existential crisis is right on schedule. This seemingly overwhelming question is taking over your life because the why essay is perhaps the most common of all the supplemental essay types. Its also one of the most involved. Schools ask, why? to gauge how much you really care. Have you been paying attention? How well do you really know the school? How true are your reasons for applying?  As vast  and probing as these questions may seem, the key to a good answer lies in good old fashioned research. Whether you visit campus or the school website, you need to explore in all directions to find the details that are relevant to you. So, if internet research is your bag, youre in luck! We made you a tutorial to guide you through every step of the process. About Thea HogarthView all posts by Thea Hogarth » Need help writing your essay? Give College Essay Academy a Try. WATCH CHAPTER 1 FOR FREE »

Inductive Deductive Research - 801 Words

INDUCTIVE DEDUCTIVE RESEARCH APPROACH Meritorious Prof. Dr. S. M. Aqil Burney Director UBIT Chairman Department of Computer Science University of Karachi burney@computer.org www.drburney.net Designed and Assisted by Hussain Saleem hussainsaleem@uok.edu.pk 06th March 2008 Well begun is half done --Aristotle, quoting an old proverb 2 Research Methods In research, we often refer to the two broad methods of reasoning as the deductive and inductive approaches. Research Types Deductive Approach Inductive Approach 3 Deductive Research Approach THEORY HYPOTHESIS OBSERVATION Deductive reasoning works from the more general to the more specific. Sometimes this is informally called a top-down†¦show more content†¦PP 61-75 61 CS/IT† 8 9 Reasoning methods and Argumentation The main division between forms of reasoning that is made in philosophy is between deductive reasoning and inductive reasoning. Formal logic has been described as the science of deduction . The study of inductive reasoning is generally carried out within the field known as informal logic or critical thinking. 10 http://www.phac-aspc.gc.ca/publicat/cdic-mcc/18-3/d_e.html 11 Automated Reasoning †¢ Logic lends itself to automation. †¢ A variety of problems can be attacked by representing the problem description and relevant background information as logical axioms and treating problem instances as theorems to be proved. 12 72/98 Logic and Reasoning Reasoning Using given knowledge and truth value help us to solve, understand real life problems. Logical Reasoning Probabilistic Reasoning Bayesian Networks Subjective Objective 13 EXAMPLE †¢ †¢ †¢ p: All mathematicians wear glasses q: Anyone who wears glasses is an algebraist r: All mathematicians are algebraist p∠§q → r ≠¡ ( ∠¼( p∠§q) ∠¨ r) 14 TRUTH TABLE Truth Table for the formulae built with the Logical Operators p T T T T F F F F q T T F F T T F F r T F T F T F T F pΛq ~(pΛq) ~(pΛq)Vr Λ Λ Λ T F T T F F F T T F T T F T T F T T F T T F T T 15 If r is the conclusion, and we know that p and q are true simultaneously then r is valid statement. In real life, theShow MoreRelatedIs Deductive And The Second Is Inductive Research Approach?965 Words   |  4 PagesMethodology 1.1. Research Approach. The research approach is divided by two main groups, the First is Deductive and the Second is Inductive Research Approach. The differences between them are, the Deductive Approach is using the theory and testing it with the aim. 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Roxanne Quimby and Burt’s Bees - 1888 Words

Entrepreneurship PBSB 821 Bezuidenhout, P.J. 1224 6093 Botha, Desere 2250 2556 Buys, Johan 2049 8705 Kleynhans, Wessel 1251 7755 Schoeman, Willie 1032 6065 Van Wieringen, Anton 1231 8388 Wohlfahrt, Andre 2255 3533 Chicken Run Class Group Assignment Lecturer: Prof. S. van der Merwe Due Date: 30 July 2011 Roxanne Quimby amp; â€Å"Burt’s Bees† By Bezuidenhout, P.J. 1224 6093 Botha, Desere 2250 2556 Buys, Johan 2049 8705 Kleynhans, Wessel 1251 7755 Schoeman, Willie 1032 6065 Van Wieringen, Anton 1231 8388 Wohlfahrt, Andre 2255 3533 Module: Entrepreneurship Module Code: PBSB 821 Group: Chicken Run Assignment due date: 30 July 2011 Element: | Mark: |†¦show more content†¦Most of these aspiring entrepreneurs will start a lifestyle business, primarily providing employment to themselves and their families. The rewards of such a business is the ability to control the company, able to continue to do what the owner loves without having too much risk, have a positive cash flow from the early going. 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Roxanne Quimby 9-11 4. Overview on the 3 case studies 11 4.1. Literature Study 11-12 4.2. Own experience 13 5. Roxanne Quimby - Risks, Rewards and Trade-offs 14-17 6. Analyse and Assess Lakota Hills opportunity 18-21 7. Discussion on Bootstrapping Resources 22 8. References 23 1. Image cafà © 1.1 Who can be an entrepreneur? In this case

Disembodied Existence After Death Is Entirely Possible Free Essays

Lauren Cole ‘A disembodied existence after death is entirely possible’ Discuss. Plato takes a dualist view and therefore believes that a disembodied existence is entirely possible and the soul is distinct from the body. At our death, the soul is set free from the body where it has been ‘imprisoned’ and it is now able to achieve its ultimate goal and reach the world of the forms. We will write a custom essay sample on Disembodied Existence After Death Is Entirely Possible or any similar topic only for you Order Now The soul is the only immortal part of the body and survived the world of the forms before it came entrapped in the body, thus when we learn we are simply recalling what our soul knew before. Plato holds a negative view of the body as it distracts the soul from seeking the forms with its trivial worldly desires such as sex. If we want to be true philosophers we need to avoid distractions and concentrate on gaining knowledge of the forms. In order to further explain this Plato uses the chariot analogy in which the mind and body are out of control horses and the soul is being driven by the in the chariot so needs to reign them in and control them. The soul outside of the body is simple and without parts yet the soul inside the body is complex and has different aspects such as reason, spirit and desire. Peter Geach disagreed with Plato and questioned what is can mean for the disembodied soul to see the forms, given that seeing is a process linked to the body and the bodies’ senses. Plato has two main arguments to prove the existence of the soul; the first is the argument from knowledge which argues that learning is simply remembering what the soul has previously known in the world of the forms. We just need to remember it, and this shows that things exist before we learn them for example; gravity existed before we knew it. However, many people argue that learning is not a matter of remembering, but instead is a matter of acquiring new knowledge. The second is the argument for opposites in which Plato argued that the physical world consists of opposites such as big and small, light and dark, sleeping and waking. The opposite of living would be death, yet for death to be an actual thing and not just nothing, the soul must exist. Aristotle believed that the soul in the form and shape of the body and is a substance like matter because matter can be given a form and be many different things, but what gives matter its function is its form. By suggesting this, Aristotle means that; the soul gives shape to the matter which is the body and the soul is the principle of life or activity of the body. Aristotle argued that there is a kind of hierarchy of faculties in the soul and suggested that the faculties are nutrition, perception, desire, locomotion and intellect. Plants have the faculty of nutrition, they obtain food and this is what keeps them alive however, animals not only have this capacity but also other capacities such as perception and desire. The faculty of intellect distinguishes humans on the hierarchy. Thus he believes that the soul is ‘the cause and principle of the living body’ and therefore it cannot survive after death as the Form of the body is inseparable from the body. However, confusion has been caused as Aristotle did suggest in his writings that intellectual thought could possibly be separated from the soul and be eternal. The identity theory claims that mental activities are centred in the brain and this is supported by scientific research surrounding the modification of mood, character and behaviour by drugs. If drugs affect our character surely this suggests mental activity is not linked to an immortal soul or a separate identity, but to the brain. Hence, when physical life ends, mental activity ends and we cease to exist and have knowledge. This theory has been criticized by T. Davis who argues that identity theory has been concurring how ‘intentionality’ can be explained. Brain activity does consist of nerves functioning in the brain and when you make a decision you form an intention, yet neural activity has no intentionality, therefore perhaps a soul or other entity controls our intentionality. Davis also points out that mental events are private and have no physical location as they are very personal to the individual. Although Richard Dawkins was a strict atheist he believed in a disembodied existence after death for other reasons, arguing that individuals cannot survive death completely, but do continue to live through memories and genes. He points out that genes do not have any direction although they are ‘potentially immortal’ as they are ‘the basic unit of natural selection’. For those that do not believe in religious teachings, Dawkins theory is convincing as we remember those that have died through many generations and their genes have also been passed down through their family. How to cite Disembodied Existence After Death Is Entirely Possible, Essay examples

Leleiwi free essay sample

I see the road snaking between hotels and the coastline, one side rusted and manmade, the other wild with jagged rocks, both overtaken by time and salt water. I spy a cruise ship in the bay, it reminds me of the rubber duck I kept in the bathtub as a child. It is striking but ugly, too white against the waves. Through the glassy car window I see a subdivision of tents set up between the ocean and the road, the Hawaiian Home Lands. Rain tarps catch the breeze like sails. The state flag flutters upside down in protest. Homeless families live here, the ocean belongs to everyone. Finally my favorite beach, Leleiwi. Eroded lava rocks sparkling with green peridot crunch between my toes. I pass the sleeping spot of our local monk seal on my way to the water. I imagine I can discern the lump in the sand where the eight hundred pound mammal rested the day before. We will write a custom essay sample on Leleiwi or any similar topic specifically for you Do Not WasteYour Time HIRE WRITER Only 13.90 / page Sometimes I come to the beach as a volunteer for seal responses, but today I am here to swim. Some cultures believe that salt keeps away ghosts, or absolves sins. I wonder if either is true as I feel the tide tug on my loose hair. The Hawaiian ocean is unpredictable. Some days it is too dangerous for Olympic swimmers, others it is calm enough for a newborn baby. I love the ocean—it reminds me of life. The ocean made me careful after I almost drowned one particularly stormy winter. The ocean inspires me; Ive written piece after piece, trying to pin down what part of the vast water fills that hollow place in my chest. The ocean reminds me of family. I came to this exact spot with my grandparents when I was nine years old, my one-piece sticking to my skinny limbs with brine. It reminds me that even though I cant control difficulties in life, like the waves, I can control my reactions to them, learning to kick with the current and dive under breakers. Long after I leave the water, the Pacific stays with me, surfacing when I see a particular shade of blue, clinging to my s kin in flecks of salt too small to see.

How to Write a Narrative Essay on Women Empowerment

How to Write a Narrative Essay on Women Empowerment The process of composing a story is known as narrative essay writing. In this third guide, we discuss tips and strategies which, if incorporated well enough, will allow you to write a liberal, informative and compelling narrative essay. If you want your professor to admire your work, we highly recommend that you follow everything we’ve outlined in this guide. If you skipped through our first and second guide, 10 facts for a narrative essay on women empowerment and 20 topics for a narrative essay on women empowerment essay respectively then we urge you to go read them first before reading this final guide. It is absolutely vital to thoroughly check those two guides first as they discuss credible facts and great some topics to choose for your narrative essay writing. If you’ve already gone through our first and second guide then let’s get started: What Is a Narrative Essay Unlike other essays where you have the reader skewed towards your thesis, thought, argument or idea, a narrative essay is about explaining what you experienced at a particular event. Such type of essays merely enlightens the reader so as to what your personal experience was during the course of a particular event as opposed to persuading them to agree to an opinion or argument of yours. How it’s Written A narrative essay must not only be interesting to read but it should also retain your audience’s attention. This can be achieved by writing vivid and colorful details of your personal experience or account that is of relevance. A good narrative should include your point of view on the event that took place; i.e   your thoughts, actions and emotional state during the event. Composing the Essay Before you start to write a narrative essay, it is essential for you to point out the events you’ll be discussing in your paper. You need to plot your narrative essay first before you start writing, which greatly helps to write an exemplary essay. Start with an introduction which is interesting to read and catches the attention of the reader. It should include a brief description in the next paragraphs so as to what you’ll be talking about along with other highlights that will be discussed in the topic. In the body, explain in detail the personal experience you had in regards to an event, which in this case, is women empowerment. Writing about the experience you went through makes your essay interesting to read and compels your audience to read it further and relate to your point of view. Finally, in the conclusion, you will reinstate the core points discussed in the essay and conclude it in a way that the reader clearly understands your motives and intentions behind writing on the topic in question. That’s it! You are now ready to write a narrative essay on your own. Be sure to proofread your paper before you submit it so that your professor appreciates your hard work.

The Domestication History of Chickpeas

The Domestication History of Chickpeas Chickpeas (Cicer arietinum or garbanzo beans) are large roundish legumes, that look rather like a large round pea with an interesting bumpy surface. A staple of Middle Eastern, African and Indian cuisines, the chickpea is the worlds second most widely grown legume after the soybean, and one of the eight founder crops of the origins of agriculture on our planet. Chickpeas store really well  and are high in nutritive value, although they are not very disease resistant, compared to other legumes. The wild version of chickpeas (Cicer reticulatum) is only found in parts of what is today southeastern Turkey and adjacent Syria, and it is likely that it was first domesticated there, about 11,000 years ago. Chickpeas were part of the culture that first developed farming on our planet, called the Pre-Pottery Neolithic period. Varieties Domesticated chickpeas (also called garbanzo beans) come in two main groups called desi and kabuli  but you can also find varieties in 21 different colors and several shapes. Scholars believe that the oldest variety of chickpea is the desi form;  Ã‚   desi are small, angular, and variegated in color. The desi likely originated in Turkey and was subsequently introduced into India where kabuli, the most common form of chickpea today, was developed. Kabuli have large beige beaked seeds, which are more rounded than desi. Domesticating Chickpeas The chickpea gained several very useful features from the domestication process. For example, the wild form of chickpea ripens only in the winter, while the domesticated form can be sown during the spring for summer harvest. Domestic chickpeas still grow best in winter when there is adequate water available; but during the winters they are susceptible to Ascochyta blight, a devastating disease which has been known to wipe out entire crops. The creation of chickpeas that could be grown in summer decreased the riskiness of relying on the crop. In addition, the domesticated form of chickpea contains nearly twice the tryptophan of the wild form, an amino acid that has been connected with higher brain serotonin concentrations and higher birth rates and accelerated growth in humans and animals. See Kerem et al. for additional information. Genome Sequencing The first draft whole genome shotgun sequence of both desi and kabuli breeding lines was published in 2013. Varshney et al. discovered that genetic diversity was slightly higher in the desi, compared to kabuli, supporting earlier contentions that desi is the older of the two forms. The scholars identified 187 disease resistance genes homologies, considerably fewer than other legume species. They hope that others will be able to use the information collected to develop superior varieties with improved crop productivity and less susceptibility to disease. Archaeological Sites Domesticated chickpeas have been found at several early archaeological sites, including the Pre-Pottery Neolithic sites of Tell el-Kerkh (ca. 8,000 BC) and Djade (11,000-10,300 calendar years ago cal BP, or about 9,000 BC) in Syria, Cayà ¶nà ¼ (7250-6750 BC), Hacilar (ca 6700 BC), and Akarà §ay Tepe (7280-8700 BP) in Turkey; and Jericho (8350 BC to 7370 BC) in the West Bank. Sources Abbo S, Zezak I, Schwartz E, Lev-Yadun S, Kerem Z, and Gopher A. 2008. Wild lentil and chickpea harvest in Israel: bearing on the origins of Near Eastern farming. Journal of Archaeological Science 35(12):3172-3177. doi:10.1016/j.jas.2008.07.004 Dà ¶nmez E, and Belli O. 2007. Urartian plant cultivation at Yoncatepe (Van), eastern Turkey. Economic Botany 61(3):290-298. doi:10.1663/0013-0001(2007)61[290:upcayv]2.0.co;2 Kerem Z, Lev-Yadun S, Gopher A, Weinberg P, and Abbo S. 2007. Chickpea domestication in the Neolithic Levant through the nutritional perspective. Journal of Archaeological Science 34(8):1289-1293. doi:10.1016/j.jas.2006.10.025 Simon CJ, and Muehlbauer FJ. 1997. Construction of a Chickpea Linkage Map and Its Comparison With Maps of Pea and Lentil. Journal of Heredity 38:115-119. Singh KB. 1997. Chickpea (Cicer arietinum L.). Field Crops Research 53:161-170. Varshney RK, Song C, Saxena RK, Azam S, Yu S, Sharpe AG, Cannon S, Baek J, Rosen BD, Taran B et al. 2013. Draft genome sequence of chickpea (Cicer arietinum) provides a resource for trait improvement. Nature Biotechnology 31(3):240-246. Willcox G, Buxo R, and Herveux L. 2009. Late Pleistocene and early Holocene climate and the beginnings of cultivation in northern Syria. The Holocene 19(1):151-158.

Effective Management and Leadership in Hospitals Research Paper - 1

Effective Management and Leadership in Hospitals - Research Paper Example By describing the objectives of organization visibly, there would be no waste of time, effort and money. Management alters disorganized resources of human factor, machinery, money etc. into the valuable enterprise. These resources are synchronized, focused and organized in such a manner that initiative work towards the accomplishment of goals. Moreover, it inspires the optimal application of resources - Management employs all the physical & human resources effectively. This leads to effectiveness in management. Management allows us to achieve maximum utilization of limited resources by choosing its finest possible alternate use in business from out of a range of uses. It employs professionals and these services result in the proper use of their abilities, knowledge, and proper utilization and evade wastage. If employees and machines are manufacturing at their maximum, there will be no underemployment of any resources. Management also diminishes costs as it gets maximum results through minimum input by proper planning and by using minimum input and getting maximum output. Management uses physical, financial and human resources in a manner that leads to the best combination. This aids in the reduction of costs. In addition to that, management creates rigorous organizations as there is no overlying of energies through well-defined and synchronised roles. To establish a sound organizational arrangement is one of the objectives of management which is in sync with the organizational objectives and for execution of this, it launches effective authority & responsibility. Effective management creates equilibrium as it allows the organization to endure varying environment. It stays in collaboration with this changing environment. It is also accountable for growth as well as the survival of a business (Hesketh & Laidlaw, 2010).

What are alternative sources of funding in the fire service during Research Proposal

What are alternative sources of funding in the fire service during difficult economic times - Research Proposal Example Hence it is better to fight the turmoil with the alternative strategies of funding. Limited by a stipulated budget, the fire department in the United States are trying to capitalise on a wide range of fund raising approaches beyond the conventional methods (US Fire Administration, n.d.). The fund raising strategies can vary from small fees to large sources of fund as benefit assessments. Sometimes these major funding sources pay off as much as 40 percent of the service budget. Development fees and subscription charges are two of its major alternative funding strategies. These are the fees which the private investors pay for constructing a new fire stations and buying related apparatus. Subscription charges are paid by the households and are a part of the emergency medical services availed by them (US Fire Administration, n.d.). Some fire divisions have suggested, keeping these fees specific for small house hold fires. According to them, an additional service charge must be paid for dealing with the emergency services. Few fire departments, though aware of the fact that the housing insurance policies do cover up a few thousand dollars for fire protection fees, would still like to charge for fire prevention services. Some other departments charge almost for everything, starting from simple services to the special emergency ones (US Fire Administration, n.d.). The payment can be in two ways; either by subscription fee or by service fees for each of the services. The major source of funding comes from the emergency incidents. Some services which were free earlier are charged these days. Some local funding strategy include tax revenue, borrowing, leasing, benefit assessment charges, fees, strategic alliances, cost sharing and consolidations, fines and citations, sales of assets and services, subscriptions and impact development fees (US Fire Administration, n.d.). Apart from these there are more miscellaneous

Pakistan International Airlines (PIA) SWOT and PESTLE

Pakistan International Airlines (PIA) SWOT and PESTLE INTRODUCTION The main theme of this assignment is to critically analyse Pakistan International Airline and to appraise the level of effectiveness of the organisation. It includes strategic, financial and resource management analysis. This is carried out in three parts. Overall strategic position is scrutinized and external and internal environment is evaluated through different models such as  SWOT  and PESTLE STEEP analysis in the first part of an assignment. The second part is an overall review of human resource management in PIA and different approaches for their employees retention and performance are thoroughly assessed as to point out their weaknesses and reasons for those flaws in overall system. The final part is the ratio analysis which helps in analysing the financial position of the business and impact of resource management decisions on organisations growth and stability. INTRODUCTION OF PIA: Pakistan International Airlines Corporation (PIAC) is the premium airline of Pakistan with its head office on the grounds of Jinnah International Airport in Karachi. PIA is one of the largest airlines in Asia, operating scheduled services to 24 domestic destinations and 39 international destinations in 25 countries across Asia, Europe and North America. Its main bases are at Karachi, Lahore and Islamabad. (Khan A., 2008). ANALYSIS OF RELATIONSHIP OF STRATEGIC LEVEL PLANNING AND LOWER LEVEL Relationship between higher and lower levels of management is that Planning is done at higher level and execution is done by the lower level but the lower management is not involved in any decision making and planning in PIA. In fact its Lower management just plays role in gathering information for each step of strategic planning. Mission Statement: PIA Corporation has stated its mission statement as a symbol of national pride, aspired to be an airline of choice, operating profitably on modern commercial concepts and capable of competing with the best in the International as well as Domestic markets (www.piac.com.pk, accessed date: 08/10/2010) Mission statement of PIA is mentioned in a way that: Employee team will contribute towards making PIA a global airline of choice through: Offering quality customer services and innovative products. Using state of art technologies. Ensuring cost effective measures in procurement and operations. Developing safety cultures. On Jan 15, 2010 strategic objectives of PIA were given in 33rd BOD meeting i.e. Introduction of new additional flights, real time tax revenue management system Introduction and success of Pakistan remittance initiative Increasing market share by 5 % Successful monitoring of routes In PIA Mission and objectives are set by the higher management for the overall organization that provides track to middle and lower level employees so that they can bring the company at an established position because Higher management can not directly take part in improving customer satisfaction so team work is required from ticket reservation to landing of plane. Employees work in different teams such as office staff, ground staff, cabin crew and flight attendants as to perform day to day operations and to achieve overall objectives and mission. 2.2 Environmental Scanning: Goal achievement of any company is greatly influenced by the overall environment, so in PIA before doing strategic planning higher management also scans over all environment that involve internal and external environment both along with the analysis of firms industry. 2.3 Strategy Formulation: Management at the top level of PIA utilizes all the information gathered by the lower management and formulate its strategies by using its strengths and availing its opportunities to overcome its weaknesses and threats so as to create competitive edge in the airline industry. 2.4 Strategy Implementation: Implementation in any organization involves restructuring of firms resources and high level of motivation for lower and middle management. But in PIA strategy implementation becomes really complicated as they do not change their structures according to their new and modified strategies, and their employees are highly demotivated as their suggestions are not welcomed in formulating the strategies. Ultimately the strategies are misunderstood by them. 2.5 Evaluation and Control: Implementation of strategies are evaluated and controlled by PIAs higher management but they are very much rigid in making adjustments in their overall strategies. 2.6 Vision: PIA Corporation has stated its vision as To be fiercely competitive, consistently exceeding customer expectations and be the choice employer that embraces modern technology in all spheres of its activities. INFLUENCE OF VISION, MISSION, VALUES AND GOALS OF PIA OVER ITS STAKEHOLDERS Mission, vision, values and goals for PIA have great influence over its stakeholders that involves: 3.1 Customers: In the vision and mission statements of PIA; their customers expectations and satisfaction is highly focused so they are increasing their market demand by offering different services such as: Magazines like hamsafar and newspapers are given to all customers of PIA Different flyer programs also attract customers as they can get free tickets and excess baggage vouchers etc PIA continuously changes its plane design after every 3 years as to gain more and more customer attention PIA also introduces cargo service namely PIA Speedex. PIA is also doing brand marketing through sponsorship to become more and more popular e.g. PIA is sponsoring Shandur polo gala, ABN Amro patrons trophy, destination Pakistan 2007 festival PIA also supports non profit organizations like Al Shifa trust, Zindagi trust etc. PIA is also maintaining high safety culture for its customers 3.2 Employees: PIA believes in team work and without that they cannot achieve their goals and mission but they do not empower their employees to participate in decision making process so they are not involved in setting goals, vision and mission for their company. 3.3 Shareholders: PIA does not focus on shareholders income or their satisfaction in its vision and mission statements which shows its low level of interest. And it is proved by the fact that it is not achieving its goals so facing financial crisis that results in loss for its shareholders as share price decreases from 3.17 to 2.61 and loss was PAK Rs.5822 million in 2009. SWOT ANALYSIS 4.1 (S)TRENGTHS: Leading Market Position: According to Annual report of PIA (2008), PIA is one of Pakistans leading air carriers, with more than 800 daily flights. Around 150,000 passengers fly a month on PIA, making it one of the major operators in the domestic market in terms of passenger destination. PIAs international market share was 43.5%, In the Domestic market, its market share was 69.4%. On a system-wide basis, PIAs market share was 51.2% at the end of year 2009. Its strong market position is driven by consistently low fares as well as reliable service, frequent and convenient flights, use of new technologies like e-ticketing and self check-in terminals, comfortable cabins and superior customer service. Superior Operating Structure: PIA has maintained its position as the low cost carrier. It has been first class Pakistani airline to use the latest technology. Factors contributing consists of different series of Boeing and Airbus and an efficient, high-utilization and point- to-point route structure. Network Presence: PIA enjoys a global strong network and international destinations. The companys network includes three the major airports in Pakistan, as well as major international airport such as Dubai International Airport. Having a strong network means that PIA can generate traffic feed for both its domestic and international Flights. Effective Use Of Technology: PIA has successfully incorporated latest technology in all its systems, giving it an edge over competitors. PIA takes credit for introducing most new technologies to the Pakistani market. It was the second carrier in Pakistan to incorporate the c-ticketing system and the second in South Asia to introduce self check in systems at the Jinnah International Airport, Karachi. 4.2 (W)EAKNESSES: Worse Govt. Rules: The key policies, strategies and set of laws are designed by the upper management. The centralized system is one of the biggest obstacles of long term success of PIA. PIA centralizes structure lead to barrel between different level of management, decreased motivation, and hard access to information. Debt: PIA has a significant amount of 42 billion debts. Current and future debts could have important consequences for stakeholders of the company. Reliance On Oil Prices: PIAs sustainability, growth and revenues directly depend on oil prices. A steep rise in oil prices can seriously damage the long term viability of any airline. Recently many airlines around the world went bankrupt due to rising oil prices. Airlines need to hedge against this risk by taking proper measures. 4.3 (O)PPORTUNITIES: Having The Maximum Route And Fleet: PIA is having the maximum route and fleet domestic and international destinations network in Pakistan as compared to its Competitors. Route and fleet expansion will positively impact the companys operations by increasing revenues. Growing Demand For Low Cost Airlines: The growing demand for air travel is driven by lower fares and consumer confidence. A survey by International Aviation Authority showed that ticket price is the number one criterion for passengers when selecting a flight, well ahead of the availability of a non-stop service. Shifting Customer Needs: The needs of air passengers are increasingly changing, as they are becoming more and more price sensitive. If PIA succeeds in making its prices more competitive, then the company will be able to gain significant market share. Industry Recovery: Market analysts believe that the global airline industry will experience an upturn in fortunes over the next few years. This represents an opportunity for PIA, as it could generate increased revenues and command market share if it capitalizes on increases in demand. 4.4 (T)HREATS High Interest Rates: The past few years have seen State Bank of Pakistan impose high as well as low interest rates to check inflation and the overheating of Pakistani economy. Inflation in Pakistan may see another raise in the short-term. Strong Competition By Airblue: PIA is now competing against carriers such as Airblue and Shaheen Airline. PIA remains Airblues strongest competitor because of the huge market it has gained over time, strong brand image and customer loyalty. Interest And Foreign Currency Exchange Rates: Fluctuating foreign currency exchange rates can have a significant impact on PIAs earnings. For example, as PIA is providing its services to the UK. Negative or positive effects arise from exchange rate movements as change in expenses. PESTLE AND STEEP ANALYSIS PESTLE and STEEP factors including political, social, economic, technological, legal and environmental factors (Ireland R. et al 2008). (P)OLITICAL FACTORS: According to Ireland R. et al (2008), political factors always have a great influence on the way where businesses operate in the airline industry and the spending power of customers. Pakistan has achieved some political stability in recent years. If the management of PIA believes that the present government will perform well (consistently), then there will be more investment in the form of purchase of new airplanes and latest technology. (E)CONOMIC FACTORS: Currently, Airlines industry has three major players: PIA, an Airblue, Aero Asia and Shaheen Airlines. Their target market includes domestic travellers as well as Pakistanis living abroad particularly in the UK and USA. Economically, the new millennium has been highly volatile; the September 11 attacks revolutionized the whole world. Consequently, there was a global depression in the North America, South America, Australia and Europe. (S)OCIAL FACTORS: Customers are more aware of market conditions and available options and want to get best value for their money (Johnson Scholar, 2001). They spend considerable time and money on entertainment hence increasing the need of in-flight entertainment systems. Hajj attracts a huge number of customers. (T)ECHNOLOGICAL FACTORS: Major technological changes are taking place in the airlines industry with innovations in the reservations and booking systems. In-flight entertainment systems and auto check in counters are two examples of such innovations. Internet plays a key role in e-ticketing as consumer can easily reserve tickets or check the status of the flight. (L)EGAL FACTORS: Airlines legislations and policies have a direct impact on the performance of PIA. PIA has attacked new  legislation which will force them to pay greater compensation to customers in the event of overbooking, cancellations and delays. (E)NVIRONMENTAL FACTORS: PIA, as a symbol of national pride, should be a choice airline operating profitably on modern commercial concepts, capable of competing with the best in its entire international and domestic markets, consistently exceeding customer expectations. It should be a choice employer deploying modern technology in all spheres of its activities. APPROACHES TO HUMAN RESOURCE MANAGEMENT TO AID THE DEVELOPMENT OF BUSINESS STRATEGY With an understanding that global economic downturn and ever rising operating costs further exacerbated by fluctuating crude oil prices. According to Greg J. et al (2009), human resource practices should be focused in PIA to address whether a brighter future is possible through management practices that fully engage employees and achieve genuine partnerships with their unions to rescue an ailing airline. Failure to elicit employee commitment through human resource practices could mean that PIA is doomed to fail in competitive aviation industry in which private sector is increasing its market share by catering to customer satisfaction. Creating a culture in which employees are close-knit and where top management focuses on its personnel asset by taking care of them so that they are ready to face and respond to every days job challenges wont be easy unless PIA starts building better relationship at various levels within its hierarchical organization. When an organization nurtures values of friendliness and loyalty among its staff then eventually customers benefit from improved service quality and creating a customer-centric culture becomes relatively easy. High employee morale and high quality delivery of service to customers are both inter-related and inter-dependent variables and airlines like Southwest Airlines, SWA, that based its business model not only on its customers but also its employees satisfaction have seen its profits growing when others were all losing revenues in post 9/11 period. Human resource management department of PIA could be used as a valuable agent of change that creates a strategic partnership among different levels of management and improves collaboration between different departments by defining policies and procedures that eventually results in a higher level of service throughout the organization. Properly trained human resource professionals that not only understand intricacies of organizational culture but also possess knowledge of global aviation industry can create a work environment that promotes dignity and respect and prepares PIA for 21st century challenges. Turnaround of Continental Airlines that used human resource management as a tool of corporate strategy to alter its work and communication practices throughout the organization is another example of the pivotal role that human resource department in PIA can play to improve its brands strength and reverse its financial losses (Carrig 1997). To remain competitive in global market where technology can perform many of the operations traditionally performed by human agents, PIA needs to take some measures to reduce its workforce by utilizing technology to its benefit. Moving to online ticketing save us at least 8-9 per cent in costs, the managing director of PIA once said. This partially resolves over-employment that burdens companys dire financial condition. The next step should be online check-in for domestic and international flights. PIA should invest further in its website to offer options to amend itinerary as and when required. Political influence and interference that affects fairness of recruitment policies poses challenges for human resource management when they are forced to make decisions that does not align with PIAs strategy but serves political purposes. I cannot emphasize enough on the importance of transparent recruitment. PIA needs to learn the importance of hiring as its success depends on the ability and style of its people. An organization that is in desperate need of leadership and role models should decorate its headquarters walls by photographs of employees who conform and promote company policies by achieving excellence in their respected roles. This practice would encourage healthy competition within employees and they would work with more dedication to get recognized. PERFORMANCE AND REWARD MANAGEMENT INCLUDING THE ROLE OF PERFORMANCE APPRAISAL Nowadays according to my point of view any type of reward plays a vital role in employee performance either it is financial or non-financial .Financial includes increase salary benefits like medical, travel, children benefits , pension etc and non-financial are personal recognition , appreciation , promotion etc. PIA must conduct a employee survey in which first they identify the needs of different employees like what type of rewards PIA should provide them so that they can motivate and perform better to make it first choice . Performance Appraisal or Career development discussion is method by which the job performance of an employee is evaluated in term of qualitative, quantities, cost and time typically by super ordinate boss or supervisor Performance appraisal is a part of guiding and managing career development .It is the process of obtaining, analysing and recording information about the relative worth of an employee to the organization. Performance appraisal is an analysis of an employees recent success and failures personal strengths and weaknesses, and suitability for promotion or further training. It is also the judgement of an employees performance in the job based on considerations other than productivity alone. Its a tool by which management can give feed back on employees performance identify his/her training needs .Facilitate communication between employee and administration/management .It improve performance through counselling , coaching and development . Simply when ever you tell any body about his/her weakness strengths you he/she will perform better towards achieving organizational goals. STRATEGIES FOR EMPLOYEE DEVELOPMENT AND REDEVELOPMENT The study is intended to check the development of employees in the organization. A good development program and procedure are essential to achieve goal of the organization. To cope with poor performance and to retain employee and always keep them sustainable we have lots of strategies but what I found in my research that not all are play a vital role but someone plays a significant role (Svend Hollensen, 2005). Decentralization Employee will better develop in decentralized decision making where they feel they are part of team whenever you involve employee in decision making you can easily achieve you desire objective in better way (Jeston J. Neils J., 2006). If we talk about PIA (Pakistan international Airline) in PIA delegation of authority is limited due to centralized decision making .The authorities reserve the right to make decisions in Board meeting or you can say that only top level management can make decision in board meeting. The middle and lower level management is not allowed to speak for against the top level management whatever top level make or implement they have to follow the decision Job Rotations According to Price A. (2005), job rotation is organic part of development; it is practiced to allow qualified employees to gain more insights into the processes of a company and to reduce boredom and increase job satisfaction through job variation. More rotation more satisfies an employee. Job Rotation is not common in PIA (Pakistan International Airline) thats why PIA employees are not fully satisfy Feed back Feedback plays a vital role in development and Redevelopment of employee and retains them on the job (Mercer, 1996). People need feedback.Most people do not see themselves as others see them. Feedback is essential to learning. If people dont fully appreciate their strengths, how can they use them to their advantage? People who take a professional attitude toward their work want feedback. If we talk about PIA quarterly employee co-ordination meeting are held where all employees can share their views with their bosses and subordinates and subordinates take feedback from super ordinates it helps to reduce the conflicts within the organisation and employee satisfaction. Training and development Programs Training leads towards development and when employees skills more develop organisation can easily achieve its objectives training is essential to make employee more dynamic to perform task (Price A. 2005). Training is strategy to retain an employee in the organisation it is duty of top level management to review the performance appraisals of employee and if they feel lack any where they should provide proper training to cope with that problem. This strategy is some sort of investment on employee. When employee feels that company is investing on he/she they always try to perform better. Analysis of the Liquidity Ratio: It is apparent above chart that the PIA is running with a negative working capital in both financial years. Similarly the percentages of current quick and cash ratio are also very low that reveals the fact that the current asserts of the company is not enough to meet its current liabilities. Either it should be equal or above the maiden industry level or it should be in Positive Percentage. Leverages ratio shows the amount of debt utilized by the firm to finance its asserts (Wight R. et al, 2009). It can be either by using share holders equity or by the amount of borrowing. Leverage ratio of the PIA shows the greater amount of debt to finance its asserts. The figures of the activity ratio indicate the low credibility of the PIA in utilizing its assets to generate the sales. As it is apparent from the fact that ratios for both the years are quiet low and the company will require a greater period of time to convert its assets to generate sales. Analysis of Profitability Ratio: The financial statement shows a slight decline in the gross profit margin in the 1st quarter of year 10 over the previous year. Similarly there is slight increase for the Return on equity ratio, though it is low but as an investor it is somehow encouraging. On the other hand operating profit, net profit margin and return on assets are in real bad condition as they are in negative. CONCLUSION: Reason for PIA down fall is that the company is goal oriented instead of focusing on means used to achieve those goals. So the problem comes at the implementation stage as they are not people oriented, mean the company does not involve its middle and lower management in decision making. That is the reason weaknesses occur and they fail to cope their upcoming threats and unable to create competitive edge in their respective PIA has boosted in last few years. Corporate level is planning forward for next upcoming years. PIA has to changed organisational structure so that it can bring a change and motivation in employees. This will solve all the problems and conflicts among the company structure from corporate level down to the lower level. They should motivate their employees and as well as less the over head cost expenses and other expenses like labour cost .It should be like less input and high out put to improve the corporate level they should heir responsible people so that they are good in decision making and strategic planning. This can be only done by good marketing policies.

Good management Essay

â€Å"Good management is working through others to accomplish task that help fulfill organizational objectives as efficiently as possible. † a) Would you agree to the above statement? Please explain your answer. No, I disagree with the above statement as efficiency was more towards achieving specific objective with minimum usage available resources and time consumption. In view of my current job in sales and marketing, if I just blindly drive my sales team to sale the products and services to fulfill the organizational sales target without considering the quality of delivery in terms of knowledge, skills, competency, and experience, time required for delivery, methods used for delivery and resources available for delivery. How long can I maintain the sales target without considering the effectiveness of the delivery system? An example of a service manager, Mr Raymond Ling from Jimisar Autotrade Sdn Bhd, Sibu branch said that the top management has set the target where every mechanic must service one unit of car in 30 minutes to prove the efficiency of the service team else disciplinary action will be taken. As a result, the mechanic gets the job done within the given timeframe without considering the quality of the service and types of service required by the customer. At the end, the sales advisor has been receiving a lot of customer complaints such as â€Å"why my car so dirty after the service? †, â€Å"why you don’t check the air of the tyres†? At the end, they have been losing their customer. However, UMW Toyota Motor Sdn Bhd – Sibu branch service centre, Mr Mathew Tiong said that their top management do set the time frame but according to types of services – general service, minor repair or major repair? The customer must call to pre-book the services and inform the service advisor the suspected problem of their car that need the service centre to troubleshoot. The head office organizes training in technical, motivation, customer service by routine and weekly review to ensure they improve and fast in respond to rectify the problem. The customer satisfaction level has been increase and manages to retain their old customer even though the free service period has over but they still come back to them to service their car. This show that efficiency can drive a person or a team to complete the task as per requirement but in terms of management, it should not be just looking into efficiency but effectiveness also very important especially in the sales and services industry. b) If you were tasked the role of a CEO, how would you make others to accomplish tasks effectively. I am an Advance Diploma in Computer Studies holder with around 12 years of working experience from administration, event management, sales and marketing in retail and education. If I am being tasked the role of CEO in my company. I definitely will take the challenge. First, I will go to google and read some good example of a CEO in some well-known company such as SAMSUNG, APPLE, DISNEY and etc to get some inspiration and better idea on how to become a good and effective CEO in my company. I believe lead by example. I also believe people are the most important asset of an organization. How to become an effective CEO? I believe an effective CEO must be able to lead and work through people. How to tap on their talents? How to make them work for you and how to motivate them? What is their strengths and weakness? I must know my staff well and delegates the job by tapping on their talents. Being the top of the pyramid, a great CEO must be able to clearly communicate the vision of the company in order to inspire staff, customers and investors. As the company bearer, all eyes turn to the CEO for direction and example. It is the key for the CEO to understand the every-day activities of the organization and how all parts fits all together to move the company forward. As CEO, I should not get dragged into the seductive lure of micro managing granular details. Instead I should trust my management team that there are capable in handling it. I need to build up a strong and good quality management team where they should know and accountable for their responsibilities. I must know how to mentor and accomplish them to keep them motivated, involved and on the track to meet the company goals. People are the most important resource available to me to build up a strong management team. I must be SMART in managing them when there is an issue, problem, demands or even crisis. I must be an effective leader. How? First I should be a good listener and willing to listen to problems and concerns my employee as a friend to get more concrete information about their comments or problems. I should be giving positive reinforcement and is about asking or requesting them to do something not commanding them. I must posts influencing power and don’t mind to get the hands dirty to make my team to follow my recommendations and willing to works together with me. I must realize that I am not just a figure head or a boss! To be a successful and effective CEO, it first comes from the way that you treat your staff or coworkers. I must know how to respect their ideas and not just simply brush them off and only use my own ideas. I must treat everyone equally and everyone feel like they are part of the group. When they are given full respect, they are more willing to give respect back and I will be able to gain more loyal followers. I also must involve them in some of the management process and valued them according to their contribution and commitments. I must do what is the best for the group and sometimes it involves making tough decisions and willing to take risks if it will benefit the whole. I should realize and remind myself that working with different personalities can be challenging especially when there is a project that needs to be done. I must know how to work with each of these different personalities and at the same time encourage and motivate them to get the job done. An effective CEO must be able to position my team according to their strength to get the best and most effective output of them. As an effective CEO, I will be involved in the overall management process where people will be the most important asset. Why? Because every process from decision making, organization, leading and controlling, people will decide whether it will works effectively or not. The team commitment, competencies, loyalty and sense of responsibility will determine how far the company can achieve its goal.

The Basic Facts of A Separate Peace Essay Topics

The Basic Facts of A Separate Peace Essay Topics Each entry is read by three or more judges and scored based employing a normal system. You shouldn't be shy in regards to sharing personal thoughts in regards to such a significant topic. In some instances, your topic isn't even specified and you will need to determine it in accordance with your subject and purpose of writing. You shouldn't have a narrow topic that isn't sufficient to cover your subject. Another more critical lesson is the value of forgiveness and love. Personal relationships give us an opportunity to get rid of the out-of-sight-out-of-mind mentality. Conflict in a friendship sometimes takes a very long time and be very tough to resolve. The conflict within this novel can be considered man vs. himself. There isn't any way to peace, peace is the only means. For instance, you can have peace like when you end a war and there's peace or whenever you're calm and nonviolent that could be peaceful too. World pe ace is practically impossible as a result of the money, power, and the envy of the folks. It is almost impossible because of the money, the power, and the envy between the people. Peace Essays foster the reason behind worldwide relation, where citizens of all countries of the planet share the frequent objective of peace and tranquility. A Peace Essay can take a war for a theme and it might explain how peace should prevail, despite all of the turmoil and the disorder. It is very important in our lives and it is essential to our overall well-being. Peace of mind is normally related to bliss and happiness. How to Find a Separate Peace Essay Topics on the Web Sadly, in a few nations, religious wars render a nation war torn. Never attempt to forecast and plan future because you might miss the present, but it doesn't indicate you should not operate hard to produce the world around better. Peace must grow to be a system, a continuing effort, towards developing a better future not a destination. The title usually means there are unique varieties of peace you can have. Reading example essays works precisely the same way! Discover the helpful suggestions below that may support you with writing an essay of this kind and convincing the audience of its importance. When you begin working on your paper, you're usually at the point whenever you have only the subject of the assignment received from your professor. The main aim of any essay on this topic is to provide a strategy. Not only have you got a thesis, it ought to be possible to demonstrate your thesis. It is much simpler to work with topic that encourages you to investigate and create. The Most Popular Separate Peace Essay Topics It is possible to read through the most fascinating and successful samples to produce your own thoughts and get inspired. Writing quality essays is the principal purpose of our services. A very small voice gathers, and does something that you may not have done on your own. As a consequence, such students search for the best essay help to be sure their project is going to be produced at the maximal level in agreement with all academic standards. Here's What I Know About a Separate Peace Essay Topics Then, the opportunity of your voice being heard by other s are going to increase surprisingly. The majority of the ride to our very last goodbye was nondescript. One is to delight in life, and not be quite as worried about what's going to happen next. Everybody has a different thought, and nobody really knows. The Basic Facts of a Separate Peace Essay Topics What all you will need is getting the assistance from a specialist and EssaysChief is going to be the expert that you seek out. You cannot force anyone to be accountable for the satisfaction of your wants and requirements. It's only normal to be anxious about hiring an on-line essay writer as you can't ever be sure whether you are employing the proper service or not. Hotel rooms are definitely the most widespread bed bug carriers because of the large number of people who go through there on a month-to-month basis. The Fundamentals of a Separate Peace Essay Topics Revealed A lot of people argue that war is an essential evil, and the sole procedure of solving international di sputes. Some people think that peace is the absence of the planet. Emotional and mental violence could bring about the person to go crazy. Thus, let's have a glance at a few things you ought to take into your consideration in the event the topic of your essay is such notion and phenomenon as peace. In addition, there are a whole group of different topics connected to the major one of world peace. There are several things that could be done in order to earn peace around the world that haven't been addressed yet. The only thing we are able to do is to spread the word of peace all over the world. Learning to value others, however far away they might be, can extinguish indifference. Attempting to control people for an individual's own benefit will solely cause conflicts with other folks. Define the direction which you're working on in order to acquire a proper focus on a particular issue. Now attempt to compose the most relevant content you are able to.

Essay about The Pros and Cons of Health Screening

The Benefits and Disbenefits of Health Screening and the Contribution of Psychology in Health Screening. Health screening, according to Durojaiye, (2009), is a systematic application of a test or inquiry to identify individuals at risk of a specific health problem. This enables further investigation or direct preventive action, among individuals who have not sought medical attention on account of their symptoms of that problem. The main aim of screening program therefore is to detect disease or risk factors among the general population, in order to carry out preventive, or therapeutic intervention because the highest benefit one can derive from a specific treatment is when the disease is less advanced (Wardle Pope, 1992).†¦show more content†¦Despite these difficulties, researchers have reported the benefits of health screening. The most recognised benefit according to Durojaiye (2009) is that it is effective in reducing morbidity and mortality from disease by detecting it before symptoms occur. A report in 2006 by the Advisory Committee on Breast Cancer Screening sh owed that screening saves 1,400 lives a year in England. In Australia, the age-standardized breast cancer mortality rate in women of all ages declined significantly from 28 per 100,000 women in 1996 to 24 per 100,000 in 2005. Mortality from breast cancer among women aged 50-69 was reported to have declined from 62 deaths per 100,000 in 1996 to 52 deaths per 100,000 in 2005 (Australian Institute of Health and Welfare, 2008) . The screening of pregnant women to identify and intervene early with risks to their health and that of their babies are associated with improved health status among high-risk populations (Durojaiye, 2009). The idea of screening therefore is to prevent, not to cure. Wardle Pope (1992) state that screening is the second best prevention option, but one which provides the best chance of saving lives in our present state of knowledge. It may also provide welcome reassurance especially to many women that they do not have cancer. If the screening consultations are u sed wisely, anShow MoreRelatedThe Pros and Cons of Health Screening Essay1093 Words   |  5 PagesHealth screening according to Durojaiye, (2009) is a systematic application of a test or inquiry, to identify individuals at sufficient risk of a specific health problem to warrant further investigation of direct preventive action, among persons who have not sough t medical attention on account of symptoms of that problem. 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