Inductive Deductive Research - 801 Words

INDUCTIVE DEDUCTIVE RESEARCH APPROACH Meritorious Prof. Dr. S. M. Aqil Burney Director UBIT Chairman Department of Computer Science University of Karachi burney@computer.org www.drburney.net Designed and Assisted by Hussain Saleem hussainsaleem@uok.edu.pk 06th March 2008 Well begun is half done --Aristotle, quoting an old proverb 2 Research Methods In research, we often refer to the two broad methods of reasoning as the deductive and inductive approaches. Research Types Deductive Approach Inductive Approach 3 Deductive Research Approach THEORY HYPOTHESIS OBSERVATION Deductive reasoning works from the more general to the more specific. Sometimes this is informally called a top-down†¦show more content†¦PP 61-75 61 CS/IT† 8 9 Reasoning methods and Argumentation The main division between forms of reasoning that is made in philosophy is between deductive reasoning and inductive reasoning. Formal logic has been described as the science of deduction . The study of inductive reasoning is generally carried out within the field known as informal logic or critical thinking. 10 http://www.phac-aspc.gc.ca/publicat/cdic-mcc/18-3/d_e.html 11 Automated Reasoning †¢ Logic lends itself to automation. †¢ A variety of problems can be attacked by representing the problem description and relevant background information as logical axioms and treating problem instances as theorems to be proved. 12 72/98 Logic and Reasoning Reasoning Using given knowledge and truth value help us to solve, understand real life problems. Logical Reasoning Probabilistic Reasoning Bayesian Networks Subjective Objective 13 EXAMPLE †¢ †¢ †¢ p: All mathematicians wear glasses q: Anyone who wears glasses is an algebraist r: All mathematicians are algebraist p∠§q → r ≠¡ ( ∠¼( p∠§q) ∠¨ r) 14 TRUTH TABLE Truth Table for the formulae built with the Logical Operators p T T T T F F F F q T T F F T T F F r T F T F T F T F pΛq ~(pΛq) ~(pΛq)Vr Λ Λ Λ T F T T F F F T T F T T F T T F T T F T T F T T 15 If r is the conclusion, and we know that p and q are true simultaneously then r is valid statement. In real life, theShow MoreRelatedIs Deductive And The Second Is Inductive Research Approach?965 Words   |  4 PagesMethodology 1.1. Research Approach. The research approach is divided by two main groups, the First is Deductive and the Second is Inductive Research Approach. The differences between them are, the Deductive Approach is using the theory and testing it with the aim. However, the Inductive is trying some ways to make a proof in order to genera new theories. In addition, the Inductive usually uses the research questions so that the researchers can narrow the scope of analysing While, Deductive approach isRead MoreThe Process Of Deduction Logic1106 Words   |  5 PagesIn social research, traditional and non-traditional methods are used to explore and examine research queries and relate methods of data collection and observation. One conventionally accepted method is through deductive logic. Deductive logic is research that begins with a theory and arrives at a specific expectation through a series of scientific steps. Both explanatory and exploratory techniques can be used in deductive. In contrast, inductive methods, in which researchers examine specific dataRead MoreSteps Of Critical Thinking : Identification, Decision Making, Evaluation, And Reflection1305 Words   |  6 Pagestruly understood what that meant and what it entails. There are seven steps that are used in critical thinking: Identification, research, analysis, application, decision making, evaluation, and reflection. The first step in the critical thinking process is identification which means exactly what the first steps is: identifying the problem or issue. The second step is research which is researching what the problem is, how it could have come about, and any possibilities to overcome the issue at hand.Read MoreEssay about Different Types of Research1075 Words   |  5 PagesCRIMINAL JUSTICE RESEARCH METHODS UNIT 1 INDIVIDUAL PROJECT HEAVAN SETLER AMERICAN INTERCONTINENTAL UNIVERSITY FEBRUARY 11, 2012 DEAR COMISSIONER: Please find below the theories that are used in my approach to research. These theories are ones that are being consistently tested. INTRODUCTION: Research is done on an everyday basis. Big name companies research who to market their product to, clothing lines research who buys their clothes, and somewhere a college student is trying toRead MoreEssay about Criminal Justice639 Words   |  3 PagesResearch Methods Te Meko D. Smith American Inter Continental University Abstract The assignment is based on a scenario that I have been hired as a consultant by the local police commissioner to lend my expertise on criminal justice research. On the other hand this is for educational resources for the police captains who will be developing a new citywide crime prevention strategy. In addition to the resources that will be discussed are the key differences between deductive, inductive, groundedRead MoreAn Methodology Suitable For Scientific Education958 Words   |  4 Pagescommon inductive view on science, whereas Karl Popper’s, Hypothetico Deductivism method will portray a deductive view on science. I go onto argue that despite science being rational, and therefore inductive, I tend to disagree with some aspects of Chalmer’s view on science through the evidence shown through Karl Popper’s research. Overall, this study seeks to establish the resonance of accepting both deductive and inductive reasoning as the basic methodologies upon which s cientific research and discoveriesRead MoreShort Note On Critical Thinking Essay1369 Words   |  6 Pageswhat’s on their mind. These random thoughts in the minds of the people can vary such as academic purposes like calculating the probability of two heads in three-coin flip attempts and writing a paper on critical thinking that has to include inductive and deductive reasoning, thinking about what’s going on life like what foods you are going to eat today and when you feel like going to bed and more random thoughts such as who are they voting for the next president of the United States of America thatRead MoreThe Research Approach And Strategies1472 Words   |  6 PagesThe research method needs the research philosophy approach and strategies made use of to conduct the research. The study will make use of a research onion put forward by Saunders, Lewis Thornhill (2007) to direct and help in the development of knowledge that will answer the research questions. The figure below is an illustration of the Saunders et al. (2007) research onion. Figure 1: Research Onion Source: (Saunders, Lewis Thornhill, 2007) Research Philosophy Within the research onion putRead MoreIntroduction. As Management Is Concerned About Gaining1056 Words   |  5 Pagesstakeholder interactions, and leadership and so on, business and management research is therefore derived from social science disciplines embedded in sociology, psychology, anthology and economics (Bryman Bell, 2015). Also, management research can be regarded as applied research. According to Bryman and Bell (2015), it helps readers with choosing between solutions and carrying out practices. To carry out management research, methods which refers to specific techniques for collecting and analysingRead MoreRecognized Arguments1563 Words   |  7 PagesRecognizing Arguments In this assignment, you will apply key concepts covered in the module readings. You will identify the component parts of arguments and differentiate between various types of arguments such as strict, loose, inductive, and deductive. You will then construct specific, original arguments. There are two parts to the assignment. Complete both parts. Part 1 1a: Identify Components of Arguments Identify the component parts of the argument, premises and conclusion, for

Roxanne Quimby and Burt’s Bees - 1888 Words

Entrepreneurship PBSB 821 Bezuidenhout, P.J. 1224 6093 Botha, Desere 2250 2556 Buys, Johan 2049 8705 Kleynhans, Wessel 1251 7755 Schoeman, Willie 1032 6065 Van Wieringen, Anton 1231 8388 Wohlfahrt, Andre 2255 3533 Chicken Run Class Group Assignment Lecturer: Prof. S. van der Merwe Due Date: 30 July 2011 Roxanne Quimby amp; â€Å"Burt’s Bees† By Bezuidenhout, P.J. 1224 6093 Botha, Desere 2250 2556 Buys, Johan 2049 8705 Kleynhans, Wessel 1251 7755 Schoeman, Willie 1032 6065 Van Wieringen, Anton 1231 8388 Wohlfahrt, Andre 2255 3533 Module: Entrepreneurship Module Code: PBSB 821 Group: Chicken Run Assignment due date: 30 July 2011 Element: | Mark: |†¦show more content†¦Most of these aspiring entrepreneurs will start a lifestyle business, primarily providing employment to themselves and their families. The rewards of such a business is the ability to control the company, able to continue to do what the owner loves without having too much risk, have a positive cash flow from the early going. The owner only has to report to himself, have a relatively constant cash flow and able to take time off whenever he wants. The risks are the inability to hire top talent (as talented people usually avoid companies that over no stock options and only limited opportunities for personal growth), not having the chance for huge gains. The trade-off is a lot of freedom, but the company cannot expect to grow bigger. A high-potential business is focused on new markets with explosive potential. As they are often technology-driven, these ventures require heavy upfront cash investment to quickly gain decisive advantages, so professional investors, particularly venture capital firms, usually provide funding. High-potential ventures strive to achieve lasting economic and social impact, and aspire to achieve IPOs, or initial public offerings (getting listed on a stock exchange so they can sell shares to the public) (Anon, 2008:1). The rewards are having the possibility for large returns on investment, the ability to attract outside investment, and the ability to build aShow MoreRelatedBurts Bees Case Analysis1770 Words   |  8 PagesIntroduction Burt’s Bees case is a follow up for the case about Roxanne Quimby, an entrepreneur who started Burt’s Bees together with Burt Shavitz and managed to create a considerably big company almost from nothing. The objective of the first case was to make a suggestion whether the company should relocate its production from Maine to North Carolina and use its full potential, or stay in Maine and operate with limited growth potential. As the second case indicates, it is obvious that Quimby decidedRead MoreThe Roxanne Quimby Case Analysis1064 Words   |  5 Pages determination, flexibility, leadership, passion, and self-confidence. On assessment of the Roxanne Quimby case study, it becomes clear that she possesses quite a number of these characteristics, as well as an obsession to pursue an opportunity. Money, image or appearance are not highly regarded by opportunity obsessed entrepreneurs, but watching trends and spotting patterns definitely are. Roxanne Quimby saw an opportu nity to launch her all natural skin care company into market and immediately startedRead MoreBurts Bees Analysis Essay939 Words   |  4 PagesAnalysis of the Burt’s Bees Case Study Burt’s Bees is an interesting case, which discusses the success story of an all natural skin care company. It is an unusual concept but the founder Roxanne Quimby saw the market for such a product and immediately started acting upon this opportunity to create the best skin care company in the world. 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As of 2007, they manufactured over 197 products for facial and body skin care, lip care, hair care, baby care, mens grooming, and outdoor remedies[1]  distributed in nearly 30,000 retail outlets includingRead MoreBurts Bees Case Study: Opportunities Assessment2542 Words   |  10 Pagesï » ¿Burts Bees Opportunities Assessment The team that originated Burts Bees definitely has the skills, knowledge, experience, resources and motivations to exploit all opportunities which come their way. After being in business for just ten years, the company already had a strong amount of successes: Roxanne Quimby was successfully running 20 employees, bringing in a steady $6 to $8 million per year; the product was found in every store in America and had just begun to expand overseas and had justRead MoreEntrepreneure5288 Words   |  22 PagesContents 1. Introduction - ImageCafe 2 2. Clarence Wooten’s Strengths and Weaknesses 2 3. Product versus Service-Oriented Focus 2 4. Feasibility Analysis 2 5. Capital Funding 3 6. Conclusion 3 7. Introduction – Roxanne Quimby 4 8. Idea versus Opportunity 4 9. Burt’s Bees Success Story 4 10. Relocation to North Carolina: The best solution? 5 11. Conclusion 5 12. Introduction – Globant 6 13. Globant Challenge 6 14. Strengths Weaknesses 6 15. Industry Analysis 6 16. Competitors AnalysisRead MoreEntrepreneure5298 Words   |  22 PagesTable of Contents 1. Introduction - ImageCafe 2 2. Clarence Wooten’s Strengths and Weaknesses 2 3. Product versus Service-Oriented Focus 2 4. Feasibility Analysis 2 5. Capital Funding 3 6. Conclusion 3 7. Introduction – Roxanne Quimby 4 8. Idea versus Opportunity 4 9. Burt’s Bees Success Story 4 10. Relocation to North Carolina: The best solution? 5 11. Conclusion 5 12. Introduction – Globant 6 13. Globant Challenge 6 14. Strengths Weaknesses 6 15. Industry Analysis 6 16. Competitors Analysis 7Read MoreWho Can be an Entrepreneur?5209 Words   |  21 PagesTable of Contents Page 1. Image cafà © 1-4 2. Lakota Hills 5-8 3. Roxanne Quimby 9-11 4. Overview on the 3 case studies 11 4.1. Literature Study 11-12 4.2. Own experience 13 5. Roxanne Quimby - Risks, Rewards and Trade-offs 14-17 6. Analyse and Assess Lakota Hills opportunity 18-21 7. Discussion on Bootstrapping Resources 22 8. References 23 1. Image cafà © 1.1 Who can be an entrepreneur? In this case

Disembodied Existence After Death Is Entirely Possible Free Essays

Lauren Cole ‘A disembodied existence after death is entirely possible’ Discuss. Plato takes a dualist view and therefore believes that a disembodied existence is entirely possible and the soul is distinct from the body. At our death, the soul is set free from the body where it has been ‘imprisoned’ and it is now able to achieve its ultimate goal and reach the world of the forms. We will write a custom essay sample on Disembodied Existence After Death Is Entirely Possible or any similar topic only for you Order Now The soul is the only immortal part of the body and survived the world of the forms before it came entrapped in the body, thus when we learn we are simply recalling what our soul knew before. Plato holds a negative view of the body as it distracts the soul from seeking the forms with its trivial worldly desires such as sex. If we want to be true philosophers we need to avoid distractions and concentrate on gaining knowledge of the forms. In order to further explain this Plato uses the chariot analogy in which the mind and body are out of control horses and the soul is being driven by the in the chariot so needs to reign them in and control them. The soul outside of the body is simple and without parts yet the soul inside the body is complex and has different aspects such as reason, spirit and desire. Peter Geach disagreed with Plato and questioned what is can mean for the disembodied soul to see the forms, given that seeing is a process linked to the body and the bodies’ senses. Plato has two main arguments to prove the existence of the soul; the first is the argument from knowledge which argues that learning is simply remembering what the soul has previously known in the world of the forms. We just need to remember it, and this shows that things exist before we learn them for example; gravity existed before we knew it. However, many people argue that learning is not a matter of remembering, but instead is a matter of acquiring new knowledge. The second is the argument for opposites in which Plato argued that the physical world consists of opposites such as big and small, light and dark, sleeping and waking. The opposite of living would be death, yet for death to be an actual thing and not just nothing, the soul must exist. Aristotle believed that the soul in the form and shape of the body and is a substance like matter because matter can be given a form and be many different things, but what gives matter its function is its form. By suggesting this, Aristotle means that; the soul gives shape to the matter which is the body and the soul is the principle of life or activity of the body. Aristotle argued that there is a kind of hierarchy of faculties in the soul and suggested that the faculties are nutrition, perception, desire, locomotion and intellect. Plants have the faculty of nutrition, they obtain food and this is what keeps them alive however, animals not only have this capacity but also other capacities such as perception and desire. The faculty of intellect distinguishes humans on the hierarchy. Thus he believes that the soul is ‘the cause and principle of the living body’ and therefore it cannot survive after death as the Form of the body is inseparable from the body. However, confusion has been caused as Aristotle did suggest in his writings that intellectual thought could possibly be separated from the soul and be eternal. The identity theory claims that mental activities are centred in the brain and this is supported by scientific research surrounding the modification of mood, character and behaviour by drugs. If drugs affect our character surely this suggests mental activity is not linked to an immortal soul or a separate identity, but to the brain. Hence, when physical life ends, mental activity ends and we cease to exist and have knowledge. This theory has been criticized by T. Davis who argues that identity theory has been concurring how ‘intentionality’ can be explained. Brain activity does consist of nerves functioning in the brain and when you make a decision you form an intention, yet neural activity has no intentionality, therefore perhaps a soul or other entity controls our intentionality. Davis also points out that mental events are private and have no physical location as they are very personal to the individual. Although Richard Dawkins was a strict atheist he believed in a disembodied existence after death for other reasons, arguing that individuals cannot survive death completely, but do continue to live through memories and genes. He points out that genes do not have any direction although they are ‘potentially immortal’ as they are ‘the basic unit of natural selection’. For those that do not believe in religious teachings, Dawkins theory is convincing as we remember those that have died through many generations and their genes have also been passed down through their family. How to cite Disembodied Existence After Death Is Entirely Possible, Essay examples